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How does Bayesian A/B testing work?

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Answer

  • Model: pAp_{A}, pBp_{B} ~ Beta prior; observe successes / failures → Beta posteriors.
  • Metric: P(pB  >  pA    data)P(p_{B}\; > \;p_{A}\; \mid \;\mathrm{data}) via Monte Carlo (sample from both posteriors, count fraction).
  • Also useful: posterior of the lift (pB    pA)(p_{B}\; - \;p_{A}) or of the relative uplift.
  • Advantages: interpretable ('72% chance B is better') and safe under peeking (no p-hacking inflation, decisions optimal under a loss function).
  • Standard in growth teams alongside frequentist.
Check yourself — multiple choice
  • Same as p-value
  • Beta-Bernoulli conjugate posteriors → P(pB  >  pA    data)P(p_{B}\; > \;p_{A}\; \mid \;\mathrm{data}) via Monte Carlo; peek-safe; direct interpretation as probability of winning
  • Not real
  • Only frequentist

Bayesian A/B: Beta posteriors  +  P(pB  >  pA    data)\mathrm{posteriors}\; + \;P(p_{B}\; > \;p_{A}\; \mid \;\mathrm{data}); peek-safe.

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