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How does snapshot ensembling work?

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Answer

  • Train with a cyclical LR schedule (SGDR / cosine with restarts).
  • Save a checkpoint at each cycle's minimum LR (one snapshot per cycle).
  • At inference, ensemble the K snapshots by averaging predictions.
  • Same training cost as a single training run, but ensemble diversity comes from the LR restarts landing in different basins.
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  • Train K separate models
  • Save one snapshot per cyclical LR cycle → ensemble at inference at no extra training cost
  • Same as bagging
  • Only for CNNs

Snapshot ensembling: SGDR + save one snapshot per cycle → free ensemble diversity.

#training#schedules

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