Retrace(λ) — safe off-policy Q updates.
hardAnswer
- Munos et al. 2016.
- Q-target: r + γ with .
- Guaranteed convergence in off-policy setting + low variance from truncation.
- Underlies ACER algorithm.
- Elegant unification of importance sampling + eligibility traces.
- Modern off-policy actor-critics still cite Retrace's design principles.
Check yourself — multiple choice
- Random
- Q-target r + γ Σ Π with ; safe off-policy convergence + low variance; foundation of ACER
- Same as V-trace
- Not real
Retrace: safe off-policy Q via truncated IS + trace; foundation of ACER.
#actor-critic#theory
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